After the Federal Judge ordered integration in Little Rock, Arkansas, the "Little Rock Nine" prepared for their first day at Central High School. Governor Orval Faubus, in defiance of the order, called out the Arkansas National Guard. The night before school opened, he announced: "Units of the National Guard have been and are now being mobilized with the mission to maintain or restore the peace and good order of this community.
Use these photographs of various monuments and memorials to get students thinking about the role and purpose of monuments in a society.
"It's All a Swindle" (Alles Schwindel) by Mischa Spoliansky and Marcellus Schiffer is a Cabaret song from the Weimar Republic in Germany, 1931.
Photos of Holocaust survivor Janet Singer Applefield.
Political scientist John Carey discusses the importance of the rule of law in making democracy work.
Watch videos related to the aftermath of World War II in China and Japan.
View photographs taken following Kristallnacht during November 1938.
Doris Bergen, Chancellor Rose and Ray Wolfe Professor of Holocaust Studies at the University of Toronto, raises difficult questions about resistance by telling the story of Kurt Gerstein, a member of the Nazi Party who attempted to spread the word about the Holocaust. Bergen describes Gerstein’s life and attempted resistance and, in doing so, explores the dilemmas and the complexities of resistance.
Commentary by Professor Lawrence Langer. Artwork by Samuel Bak. See full size artwork.
Commentary by Professor Lawrence Langer. Painting by Samuel Bak. See full sized painting.
Commentary by Professor Lawrence Langer. Painting by Samuel Bak. See full sized painting.