Resources for Civic Education in California
Explore resources that meet the California History–Social Science Framework standards.
![Four students sit in a circle in conversation. The student in the center speaks with their hands raised.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-08/2017_classroomimage_FH152843.jpg?h=f2fcf546&itok=p079RewF)
Resources for Civic Education in Massachusetts
Explore resources that meet the Massachusetts History and Social Science Framework.
![Students working in groups in a classroom](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/NewEngland_Classroom_2017_FH256875.jpg?h=a141e9ea&itok=ZaNxWg2h)
The Nanjing Atrocities
Explore this collection of lesson plans and student materials that place the Nanjing Atrocities within the larger context of World War II in East Asia.
![Two brothers stand outside of the remains of their house and shop in the southern section of Nanjing, which was badly damaged during the fighting.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/1937_TwoBrothersandtheremainsoftheirhouse_FH131054.png?h=b20279bd&itok=XB4BZ_f0)
Totally Unofficial: Raphael Lemkin and the Genocide Convention
This unit explores the legacy of Raphael Lemkin, who coined the word "genocide" and drafted the Genocide Convention. A study of Lemkin's work helps students understand traditional world history themes such as sovereignty, diplomacy, and law; as well as deepen students’ understanding of political responses to mass violence.
![1950 --- International lawyer Raphael Lemkin helped draft the Genocide Convention, which maps out prevention and punishment for the crime of genocide](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/U1133580INP_Medium_res.jpg?h=478e0a8d&itok=MAYHZy-W)
Explore the Partisans
Find interview transcripts, historical overviews, and primary source documents about a particular Jewish partisan or country.
![Russian partisans, one of them photographer Faye Schulman, gathering together in the forest, Naliboki Forest, Belarus, December 1944. The Molotava Brigade was a partisan group made up mostly of escaped Soviet Army POWs. The woman pictured is Faye Schulman, a Jewish woman who fled into the Naliboki forest with her camera equipment and joined the Molotova Brigade. For two years in the forest she photographed the partisan's activities, worked as medical aid and participated in the partisans raid's.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-11/Faye_Schulman_with_Russias_partisans_%2836645181980%29.jpg?h=da8abf78&itok=iIIsrJbR)
Resistance during the Holocaust: An Exploration of the Jewish Partisans
Explore the stories of Jewish partisans that stood against Nazi oppression, genocide, and antisemitism during World War II.
![Russian partisans, one of them photographer Faye Schulman, gathering together in the forest, Naliboki Forest, Belarus, December 1944. The Molotava Brigade was a partisan group made up mostly of escaped Soviet Army POWs. The woman pictured is Faye Schulman, a Jewish woman who fled into the Naliboki forest with her camera equipment and joined the Molotova Brigade. For two years in the forest she photographed the partisan's activities, worked as medical aid and participated in the partisans raid's.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-11/Faye_Schulman_with_Russias_partisans_%2836645181980%29.jpg?h=da8abf78&itok=iIIsrJbR)
Holocaust and Human Behavior: A Facing History & Ourselves High School Elective Course
This curriculum is designed for Tennessee and Southeast educators teaching a high school elective course on the history of the Holocaust and the Armenian Genocide.
![Teacher and student interact at Memphis' Student Leadership Fall Conference.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2023-06/08102018_Facing_History_Focht_026.jpg?h=4362216e&itok=CWBy-Kv1)
The Holocaust and Jewish Communities in Wartime North Africa
Explore the impact of the Holocaust and World War II on Jewish communities in North Africa in this 3-lesson mini-unit.
![A group of people walk down a street in Casablanca.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2023-06/717620_unit_banner.jpg?h=2a25a39c&itok=fSS2691Y)
Americans and the Holocaust: The Refugee Crisis
Explore the motives, pressures, and fears that shaped Americans’ responses to Nazism and the humanitarian refugee crisis it provoked during the 1930s and 1940s.
![A crowd of American men and women hold signs protesting Nazi Germany's actions.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/AP_3811161102_Medium_res.jpg?h=00d1719e&itok=OsmUgwd2)
Teaching the Nanjing Atrocities
Lead students through a study of the Nanjing atrocities, beginning with an examination of imperialism in East Asia and ending with reflection on justice in the aftermath of mass violence.
![A flower is left on a wall engraved with victims names at the Memorial Hall of the Victims in the Nanjing Massacre.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/2010_MemorialtoVictimsoftheNanjingAtrocities_FH291611.jpg?h=603532df&itok=eztUbvmp)
Teaching the Holocaust and Armenian Genocide: For California Educators
Designed for California 10th grade world history courses, this unit guides students through a study of the Holocaust and the Armenian Genocide that focuses on choices and human behavior.
![Teacher and Students](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Facing-History_SJLA_033.jpg?h=f2fcf546&itok=6k0Syi0f)