German military recruits swear allegiance to Adolf Hitler.
On the night of January 30, 1933, SA men paraded with torches through Berlin to celebrate Hitler’s appointment as chancellor.
Adolf Hitler talks to a young girl during his campaign for president of Germany in 1932. Hitler lost to incumbent Paul von Hindenburg.
Compare the text of Germany's original military oath with Hitler’s new oath, and consider the implications of the oath's promise of allegiance to a single leader (Spanish available).
Read about two men's refusals to pledge their allegiance to the Nazis and the consequences they faced (Spanish available).